Kathmandu

Kathmandu (Nepali: काठमाडौं [kɑʈʰmɑɳɖu]; Newar: येँ देय्‌) is the capital and biggest district of Nepal. It is the main city of Nepal with the managerial status of Mahanagar (Metropolitan City), when contrasted with Upa-Mahanagar (Sub-Metropolitan City) or Nagar (City). Kathmandu is the center of Nepal's biggest urban agglomeration situated in the Kathmandu Valley comprising of Lalitpur, Kirtipur, Madhyapur Thimi, Bhaktapur and various littler groups. Kathmandu is likewise referred to casually as "KTM" or the "tri-city". As indicated by the 2011 evaluation, Kathmandu Metropolitan City has a populace of 1,003,285 and measures 

Kathmandu is the portal to tourism in Nepal. It is likewise the center of the nation's economy. It has the most exceptional framework of any urban zone in Nepal, and its economy is centered around tourism, which represented 3.8% of Nepal's GDP in 1995–96. Tourism in Kathmandu declined from that point amid a time of political turmoil, however from that point forward has made strides. In 2013, Kathmandu was positioned third among the main 10 travel destinations on the ascent on the planet by TripAdvisor, and positioned first in Asia.

The city has a rich history, traversing almost 2000 years, as surmised from engravings found in the valley. Religious and social merriments frame a significant piece of the lives of individuals living in Kathmandu. The greater part of Kathmandu's kin take after Hinduism and numerous others take after Buddhism. There are individuals of different religious convictions also, giving Kathmandu a cosmopolitan society. Nepali is the most usually talked dialect in the city. English is seen by Kathmandu's informed occupants. Kathmandu was crushed by a 7.8 greatness seismic tremor that has brought about serious harm, alongside torrential slides that had happened in Mount Everest on April 25, 2015.

The city of Kathmandu was named after Kasthamandap sanctuary, that stands in Durbar Square. In Sanskrit, Kastha (काष्ठ) signifies "wood" and Mandap (/मण्डप) signifies "secured sanctuary". This sanctuary, otherwise called Maru Satal (in Newar dialect), was assembled in 1596 by King Laxmi Narsingh Malla. The two-story structure is made altogether of wood, and uses no iron nails nor bolsters. As indicated by legend, all the timber used to manufacture this pagoda was acquired from a single or  one tree.Among the endemic Newar folks, national capital is understood as Yen Desa (येँ देश), and Patan and Bhaktapur square measure called Yala Desa (यल देश) and Khwopa Desa (ख्वप देश). "Yen" is that the shorter type of Yambu (यम्बु), that originally remarked the northern 1/2 national capital.

Archeological unearthings in parts of Kathmandu have discovered proof of antiquated civic establishments. The most seasoned of these discoveries is a statue, found in Maligaon, that was dated at 185 AD. The removal of Dhando Chaitya revealed a block with an engraving in Brahmi script. Archeologists trust it is two thousand years old. Stone engravings are a universal component at legacy locales and are key hotspots for the historical backdrop of Nepal 

The most punctual Western reference to Kathmandu shows up in a record of Jesuit Fathers Johann Grueber and Albert d'Orville. In 1661, they went through Nepal on some way or another from Tibet to India, and reported that they came to "Cadmendu, the capital of the Kingdom of Necbal".

Kathmandu is situated in the northwestern piece of Kathmandu Valley toward the north of the Bagmati River and spreads a region of 50.67 square kilometers (19.56 sq mi). The normal height is 1,400 meters (4,600 ft) above ocean level. The city is specifically limited by a few different districts of the Kathmandu valley: south of the Bagmati by Lalitpur Sub-Metropolitan City (Patan) with which it today shapes one urban region encompassed by a ring street, toward the southwest by Kirtipur Municipality and toward the east by Madyapur Thimi Municipality. Toward the north the urban range reaches out into a few Village Development Committees. On the other hand, the urban agglomeration augments well past the neighboring districts, e. g. to Bhaktapur and pretty much covers the whole Kathmandu valley. 

Kathmandu is dismembered by eight waterways, the principle stream of the valley, the Bagmati and  tributaries of of it which are the Bishnumati, Manohara Khola, Dhobi Khola,  Hanumant Khola, and Tukucha Khola are prevalent. The mountains from where these streams begin are in the height scope of 1,500–3,000 meters (4,900–9,800 ft), and have passes which give access to and from Kathmandu and its valley. An old trench once spilled out of Nagarjuna slope through Balaju to Kathmandu; this channel is presently terminaly.

Tourism is viewed as another essential industry in Nepal. This industry began around 1950, as the nation's political cosmetics changed and finished the nation's disengagement from whatever is left of the world. In 1956, air transportation was made and the Tribhuvan Highway, in the middle of Kathmandu and Raxaul (at India's outskirt), was begun. Separate associations were made in Kathmandu to advance this action; some of these incorporate the Tourism Progress or Development Board, in Nepal, the Department of Tourism and the Civil Aviation Department. Besides, Nepal turned into an individual from a few worldwide visitor affiliations. Creating political relations with different countries further emphasizd this action. The inn business, travel offices, preparing of traveler aides, and focused on reputation crusades are the boss explanations behind the momentous development of this industry in Nepal, and in Kathmandu specifically.

The old exchange course in the middle of India and Tibet that went through Kathmandu empowered a combination of creative and engineering customs from different societies to be amalgamated with neighborhood workmanship and architecture. The landmarks of Kathmandu City have been impacted throughout the hundreds of years by Hindu and Buddhist religious practices. The design fortune of the Kathmandu valley has been arranged under the no doubt understood seven gatherings of legacy landmarks and structures. In 2006 UNESCO proclaimed these seven gatherings of landmarks as a World Heritage Site (WHS). The seven landmarks zones cover a zone of 188.95 hectares (466.9 sections of land), with the cradle zone reaching out to 239.34 hectares (591.4 sections of land). The Seven Monument Zones (Mzs) engraved initially in 1979 and with a minor adjustment in 2006 are Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur, Hindu sanctuaries of Pashupatinath and Changunarayan, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Boudhanath.